Author name: processsafetyhub

… Stoessel -Criticality Class of ReactionRead More »

Potent  Compound: A compound is deemed to be potent in pharmaceutical terms if it has an eight-hour, time-weighted average occupational exposure limit (OEL) of 10 µg/m3 or less OEL- Occupational  Exposure Limit: Type of OEL; Ø Time Weighted Average (TWA – 8hr): The concentration for an 8 hr workday, 40 hr … Potent Compound – Band

Vacuum Nitrogen Pressure purging;      Operation: Vessel evacuated by Vacuum & then pressurized with Nitrogen Nitrogen pressure break by vacuum       Advantages: Less amount of nitrogen & Time required than Pressure purging & Flow through purging … Intertization- Vacuum Nitrogen Pressure PurgingRead More »

Nitrogen pressure purging: Operation: Nitrogen continuously flow to vessel and vessel pressure rises @ set value Vent valve closed After certain pressurization vent valve open to vent the pressure Cycle repeated till required LOC achieve Advantages: Less amount of nitrogen & Time required than Flow through purging Things to consider … Intertization- Nitrogen Pressure PurgingRead

Procedure: Continue Nitrogen purging in vessel / reactor and it vented to atmosphere continuously through vent to achieve required Oxygen percentage up to Minimum Oxygen Concentration (MOC) to avoid the Fire Hazard Advantages: Simple in operation Pressure vessel which are design for atmospheric pressure can also intertize with this procedure … Intertization- Nitrogen Flow through

     Importance of Heating Capacity Calculation; Temperature Control: Reactors often operate at specific temperature ranges to ensure that chemical reactions occur efficiently and produce the desired products. Heating the reactor too quickly or too slowly can result in temperature variations that may lead to safety hazards, such as runaway … Batch reactor Heating Capacity

Desired Process: T(Process): Temperature of  the Process. The only thing we actively choose  MTSR: Maximum Temperature of Synthesis Reaction TMRad(1): Time to Maximum Rate (adiabatic) ΔTad(1) : Adiabatic Temperature Rise Undesired reactions (decompostion etc.): TMRad(2): Time to Maximum Rate (adiabatic) ΔTad(2) : Adiabatic Temperature Rise      Importance of Cooling Capacity … Batch reactor Cooling Capacity